| Coordination-Driven Electrodeposition of Chitosan-Cu2+/SWCNT Hydrogel for Enhanced Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing |
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Jihyeon Kim1, Jooyeon Park1, Kihyun Kim2, Changsuk Yun3, Kyungsoon Park1 |
1Department of Chemistry and Cosmetics, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
2Ject Co., Ltd., Jeju 63309, Republic of Korea
3Department of Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea |
Correspondence:
Changsuk Yun, Tel: +82-55-213-3436,
Email: csyun@changwon.ac.kr
Kyungsoon Park, Tel: +82-64-754-3545,
Email: kspark895@jejunu.ac.kr
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Received: 26 November 2025 • Accepted: 13 January 2026 |
| Abstract |
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A non-enzymatic glucose sensor was fabricated via a straightforward, single-step, coordination-driven in situ electrodeposition of a chitosan–Cu²⁺ hydrogel. This method utilizes electrochemically generated Cu2+ ions, which directly coordinate with the amine (–NH₂) and hydroxyl (–OH) functional groups of chitosan chains to form a uniform, catalytically active matrix. Electrochemical analysis using the Lingane equation quantified the coordination environment, yielding a high stability constant (Ks = 7.04 × 104) and a fractional coordination number (j = 0.67). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the hydrogel porosity varied with chitosan concentration, while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed strong Cu²⁺ coordination with chitosan’s functional groups. The resulting hydrogel acts as a robust scaffold, effectively immobilizing the Cu2+/Cu3+ redox couple, which serves as the active center for glucose electrooxidation. An optimized sensor, integrated with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to enhance charge transport, demonstrated excellent analytical performance, achieving a low detection limit of 11.9 μM and high selectivity. This work presents a simple, cost-effective, and stable electrochemical sensing platform with significant potential for non-enzymatic diagnostics. |
| Keywords:
Non-enzymatic glucose sensing, Chitosan hydrogel, Electrodeposition, Copper ion coordination, Electrochemical sensing |
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